A vacuum-jacketed, insulated storage tank with a pressure relief valve is used for which of the following substances?

A vacuum-jacketed, insulated storage tank with a pressure relief valve is designed specifically for the storage of cryogenic liquids. Cryogenic liquids are substances that exist in a liquid state at extremely low temperatures, usually below -150 degrees Celsius. The vacuum jacket provides insulation that minimizes heat transfer, which is essential for keeping these substances in their liquid form.

The presence of a pressure relief valve is crucial because, as cryogenic liquids vaporize, they can generate significant pressure within the tank. This valve ensures that any excess pressure is safely released, preventing tank rupture or other hazards that can arise from over-pressurization.

Other substances, such as hazardous waste, flammable liquids, or compressed gases, do not typically require the same specialized storage conditions as cryogenic liquids. Hazardous waste and flammable liquids may demand different containment features to manage their specific risks, whereas compressed gases might be stored under different pressure requirements and do not require the same vacuum insulation. Therefore, the characteristics of cryogenic liquids make option A the most appropriate choice.